i 


CATALOGUE 


Si 

Is  ' 


OF  THE 


REMOVED 


r, 


Si 


PENRHYN  SLATE  CO. 


AVERY  LIBRARY 
COLUMBIA  UNIVERSITY 


Chains 

Ar 

Y$&> 

P327 

/ft9 


PH  ICE  LIST 


OF 

ENAMELED  SLATE  MANTELS. 


HEARTHS,  $2.50  EACH. 


No.  1 $‘300  00 

2 12-1  CO 

;i 101  00 

4  102  50 

5  110  00 

0 85  00 

7  05  00 

8  60  00 

9 45  00 

10  40  00 

10  Fell,  opg 43  00 

11  32  50 

11  A :S0  00 

11  C 35  00 

12  27  50 

12  A 22  50 

13  21  25 

13  A 20  00 

14  37  50 


No.  15 

50 

15  A 

, . . 21 

25 

10 

...17 

50 

10  S.  O.  G.  Shelf  . . 

. . . 18 

1 .) 

17 

. . . 12 

50 

18 

25 

00 

19  

. . . 15 

00 

20  

. ..  10 

00 

21 

. . . 27 

50 

00 

22  A 

00 

130 

00 

23  . . 

24 

...115 

00 

25 

..  .120 

00 

20 

. . . 150 

CO 

20  A 

27 

. .100 

00 

27  A 

. . . 75 

(10 

MARBLE  AND  DECORATED  MANTELS, 

BIJACKET  SHELVES,  TABLE  TOPS  AND  SLATE  SUMMER  PIECES  VARY  IN  PRICE 
ACCORDING  TO  STYLE  AND  FINISH. 

TERMS  : 

Cash  in  New  York  funds,  on  delivery  of  the  Goods. 

PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY, 

WAREHOUSE  AND  SALESROOM, 

UNION  SQUARE, 

CORNER  4th  AVENUE  AND  17™  ST. 

U\  II.  A'I'Il  TLA  JV'D, 

Secretary. 


January  1,  1S73. 


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✓ 


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7 


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£ 

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AVERY  LIBRARY 
COLUf/iBiA  UNIVERSITY 


( Th  i rd  Ed  it  ion,) 


THE 

PENRHYN  SLATE  CO.’S 

ILLUSTRATED  C A T A L 0 G U E 


OF 


AND  OTHEK 


USEFUL  AND  ORNAMENTAL  ARTICLES  IN  SLATE  WORK. 


QUARRIES  AND  MANUFACTORY, 

MIDDLE  GRANVILLE,  WASHINGTON  CO.,  N.  Y. 

ELEAZER  J0NE6,  Manager, 

WAREHOUSE  AND  SALESROOMS, 

No.  40  WEST  EIGHTEENTH  STREET,  N.  Y. 

Between  Fifth  and  Sixth  Avenues. 


WM.  H.  KIRTLAND,  Secretary. 


1(5  J 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  jear  by 
The  Pknbhyn  Slate  Company, 

In  the  Clerk’s  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  tlie  United  States  for  the  Southern  District  of  Sew  York. 


INTRODUCTION. 


In  publishing  a third  edition  of  our  illustrated  catalogue  of  Slate  manufactures, 
we  have  thought  it  might  he  useful,  or  at  least  interesting  to  our  readers,  to  have  a 
brief  description  of  Slate — its  character  and  various  uses — from  the  common  and 
uninviting  rock,  as  taken  from  the  quarry,  to  the  finished  and  polished  slab  which 
graces  the  drawingroom.  We  shall  therefore,  in  the  following  pages,  allude  to  Slate 
in  its  geological  and  mineralogical  character  : to  its  use  and  value  as  a roofing  material : 
its  varied  application,  iu  the  slab  state,  to  the  arts,  and  to  domestic  economy;  and 
lastly  with  reference  to  certain  inventions  and  scientific  improvements,  which  have 
tended  to  raise  this  humble  article  to  a high  position  among  the  ornamental  arts, 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2017  with  funding  from 
Columbia  University  Libraries 


https://archive.org/details/penrhynslatecosiOOpenr 


ITS  GEOLOGICAL  AND  MINERA  LOGIC  A L CHAIiACTElt. 


Slate  is  one  of  the  most  common  and  universally  distributed  rocks,  forming  in 
some  cases  very  extensive  beds,  and  even  tracts  of  country  ; in  others,  alternating  in 
smaller  proportions,  with  one  or  more  of  all  the  primary  strata,  and  frequently  lying 
upon  or  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  granite — in  this  manner  it  is  found  accompanying 
gneiss,  micaceous  schist,  quail z and  red  sandstone. 

In  the  slate  system,  the  rocks  present  a curious  aspect,  being  of  the  most  motley 
colors,  and  from  their  composition  and  texture  are  universally  regarded  as  a sedimen- 
tary formation — a deposition  from  water.  We  find  this  stone  sometimes  geologically 
described  as  “a  kind  of  rock  of  compact  texture,  and  laminated  or  plated but  in  a 
general  sense,  all  the  primary  rocks  which  admit  of  being  split  are  called  slate  rocks, 
although  the  species  termed  Argillaceous  schist  or  clay  state  is  the  one  to  which  our 
remarks  will  mainly  apply,  for  the  reason  that  it  possesses  certain  qualities  which 
render  it  very  valuable  to  commerce  and  the  arts. 

A good  slate  should  not  be  absorbent  of  water,  either  on  its  face  or  endwise,  a pro- 
perty evinced  by  its  not  increasing  perceptibly  in  weight  after  immersion  in  water ; 
and  it  should  be  sound,  compact,  and  not  apt  to  disintegrate  in  the  air.  Slate  has 
some  peculiarities  of  internal  structure,  one  of  which  constitutes  its  chief  value  for 
the  purpose  of  Architecture.  This  is  the  quality  that  admits  of  its  being  split  or  sep- 
arated into  laminae  of  considerable  tenuity,  in  some  instances  as  thin  as  the  sixteenth 
of  an  inch,  while  in  others  it  rather  presents  imperfect  indications  of  a fissile  tend- 
ency than  the  property  of  dividing  into  continuous  plates.  These  indications,  although 
appearing  at  times,  both  in  the  finer  and  coarser  varieties,  are  generally  confined  to 
the  latter,  which  are  termed  by  some  writers,  the  Graywackc  schists,  and  are  suf- 
ficiently divisible  for  many  economical  purposes. 

In  most  cases  the  laminae  are  indefinitely,  although  imperfectly  divisible,  so  that 
the  entire  structure  of  the  stone  is  schistose,  or  nearly  scaly  ; but  in  others,  it  appears 
to  be  limited  to  some  certain  dimensions.  From  this  latter  description  is  obtained  the 
compact  and  solid  slabs  now  so  extensively  and  variously  used. 

In  the  quarry  the  successive  strata  are  separated  from  each  other  by  mathematical 
planes  termed  seams.  They  are  also  at  times  further  divided  at  some  angle  to  their 
planes,  by  other  lines  called  joints;  in  some  instances  such  joints  are  observed  to  be 
parallel  to  each  other. 

The  principal  constituents  of  Slate  are  Alumina,  Silex,  Talc,  Mica,  Oxide  of  Iron, 
Manganese,  Magnesia,  Potash,  Carbon  and  Water ; hence  the  different  varieties  arc  dis- 

5 


tinguished  by  the  names  of  “Mica  Slate,”  •‘Hornblende  Slate,"  "Chlorite  Slate,' 

“ Talcose  Slate.”  “ Drawing  Slate,”  “ Red  Slate."  and  last,  but  of  the  greatest  value, 
"Clay  Slate.” 

1 . — Miea  Slate  is  a mountain  rook  of  vast  extent,  composed  of  quartz  and  mica.  The 
structure  is  foliated.  The  more  compact  specimens  of  this  variety  are  used  for  door 
and  hearth  stones,  and  for  flagging  and  curbing. 

•J.  — Hornblende  Slate  resembles  mica  slate,  but  does  not  break  into  thin  slabs;  its 
toughness,  however,  makes  it  very  valuable  for  rough  paving  purposes. 

— Chlorite  Slate  is  known  by  its  various  tints,  from  pale  to  a bright  green  color, 
and  is  generally  very  hard  and  strong. 

4. — Talcose  Slate  is  used  for  hones  and  scythe  stones. 

r>. — Drawing  Slate,  or  black  chalk,  is  used  in  crayon  drawings. 

(1  — Red  Slate  is  used,  to  some  extent,  in  combination  with  other  colors,  in  ornamen- 
tal roofing  and  tiling.  This  description  is.  however,  with  some  exceptions,  very  hard 
and  brittle,  perhaps  from  the  predominance  of  oxide  of  iron  and  silica. 

7. — Clay  Slate  differs  from  Mica  slate  from  th  • particles  lying  so  tine  a-  not  to  lie 
distinguished.  The  purest  and  best  kinds  of  this  species  when  freshly  quarried,  are 
so  soft  as  to  be  easily  wrorked  : vet  after  a little  exposure  to  cither  the  sun  or  atmos- 
phere become  very  hard.  There  are  transitions  frequently  noticeable  from  a true 
clay  state,  into  the  other  varieties,  or  sometimes  even  into  different  substances:  for 
instance,  the  finer  kinds  pass  in  some  eases  into  "Chlorite  schist.”  of  which  the 
tjreen  slates  afford  an  example,  while  the  Coarser  often  alternate  with  the  primary 
sandstone,  passing  into  it  by  a gradual  increase  of  quartz,  and  loss  of  the  Alumina 
in  l heir  composition.  The  pure  argillaceous  substance  sometimes  becomes  partially 
but  gradually  converted  into  Hornblende  schist. 

The  tenacity  with  which  different  kinds  of  stone  resist  the  effect  of  a blow  is  known 
to  be  infinitely  various,  and  quite  independent  of  their  hardness ; and  it  must  lie  recol- 
lected that  the  power  of  a hammer  in  splittinga  rock  or  in  detachinga  fragment,  depends 
more  upon  its  impulse  than  its  heaviness.  In  slate  the  frangibiliry  also  varies  in  pro- 
portion to  the  water  it  may  contain  ; thus  when  freshly  quarried  it  is  often  exceeding- 
ly tough,  but  comparatively  soft,  being  damp  and  cold  to  the  touch,  and  in  this  state 
is  casily'divided  into  plates : after  a few  days  of  exposure  to  the  air  the  rock  loses  in 
part  its  fissile  character,  and  a little  of  its  toughness,  although  it  becomes  harder 
with  age. 

As  to  the  localities  of  Shite,  it  may  be  remarked  that  the  best  kinds  of  drawing  slate 
still  come  from  Spain.  Italy,  and  France.  All  the  other  descriptions  are  abundant  in 
Great  Britain,  from  the  highlands  of  Scotland,  where  they  form  some  of  the  most 
remarkable  features  of  the  scenery,  to  the  extensive  masses  of  slate  rock  which 
stretch  from  north  to  south  Wales.  But  in  our  own  and  widely  extended  country 
we  also  find  all  the  varieties  of  slate  rock,  and  in  ranges  of  almost  boundless  extent ; and 
this  remark  will  apply  to  some  of  the  new  states  and  territories,  as  well  as  to  the  older 
settled  states,  such  as  Virginia.  Pennsylvania,  New  York  and  Vermont,  ill  all  of  which 


/ 


localities  to  a greater  or  lesser  extent,  quarries  have  from  time  to  time  been  opened, 
and  many  of  them  are  now  being  actively  worked. 

('olorx  of  Shift. — Tite  dark  blue  or  blackish  varieties,  which  are  generally  of  fine 
texture,  but  frequently  very  soft,  are  found  in  large  tracts  in  the  state  of  Pennsylvania; 
some  of  these  are  peculiarly  fitted  for  school  slates,  and  are  still  used  and  preferred  by 
many  persons  who  are  not  familiar  with  the  more  beautiful  and  varied  colors  of  the 
varieties  now  extensively  quarried  in  the  states  of  New  York  and  Vermont.  The  pre- 
vailing colors  of  the  New  York  slate,  are  bluish-gray,  purple,  green  and  a variety  in 
which  two  or  more  of  these  colors  are  blended  ; and  wheat  these  different  slates  arc 
arranged  with  taste  on  the  roofs  of  prominent  buildings,  either  in  strips  or  other 
distinct  forms,  they  produce  a most  pleasing  effecl. 

Shite  Point. — Slate,  when  finely  pulverized  and  kiln  dried,  is  readily  combined  with 
cheap  mineral  oxides  and  oil,  producing  an  excellent  and  durable  stone  paint  ; which 
is  found  to  be  a suitable  covering  for  many  kinds  of  outside  work,  such  as  buildings, 
shells,  fences,  fancy  iron  railings,  etc.  It  is  also  used  by  floor-cloth  manufacturers  and 
others  in  a variety  of  ways.  All  the  colors  of  Slate  can  be  judiciously  used  and  blended 
in  the  preparation  of  this  paint. 


List  of  Uses  to  which  Slate  is  Applied. 


architectural. 


Altai's  and  tablets. 

Ashler — plain,  rustic,  sunk  joint,  bevelled 
or  fine  line  joint. 

Area  steps. 

Area  curbs,  and  coal  shoots  to  basement 
windows. 

Barn  threshing  floors. 

Bracket  shelves. 

Balcony  bottoms. 

Cemetery  stock  of  all  kinds. 

Cisterns  for  water  closets  or  culinary  use. 
Corbels  to  support  girders  or  beams, 
(to  guard  against  rot). 

Copings,  to  all  parapet  walls. 

Chimney  caps,  of  any  design,  plain  or 
ornamental. 

Chimney  pieces,  or  mantels,  of  any  de- 
sign. 

Chimney  hearths. 

Church  clock  faces  and  sun  dials. 
Chimney  slips. 

Drains  for  cellar  sewerage. 

Effluvia  traps,  to  prevent  noxious  vapors. 
Foundation  plates,  to  prevent  damp 
rising  in  the  walls. 

Hearth  floors. 

Joist  bearers,  (to  guard  against  dry  rot). 
Lintels  to  doors  and  windows. 


| Portico  and  Piazza  Steps. 

Plinths  and  bases  for  iron  columns. 

1 Passage  floors,  without  joist,  fire  proof. 
Pedestals. 

Pilasters,  bases  and  capitals. 

Platforms  and  landings. 

Roofing  slates. 

Ridges  and  hips. 

Sarcophagus  tombs,  and  monumental 
stones. 

Slabs  for  ornamental  roofs. 

Stationaiy  wash  tubs. 

Stove  pipe  stones,  to  prevent  fire. 

Sink  stones,  to  drain  covers. 

Stair  cases,  plain  or  ornamented. 
Tessellated  pavements  for  entrance  halls. 
Tiles — square,  diamond,  octagonal,  angu- 
lar and  circular. 

Urinals,  with  self-acting  water  flushes, 
for  hotel  or  railroad  stations. 

Vaults  and  grave  linings. 

Wainscoting  and  wall  paneling. 

Wash  tubs. 

Window  heads,  moulded,  or  square  and 
plain. 

Window  sills,  bevelled,  sunk  and  throated. 
Window  boards,  to  all  basement  and 
cellar  windows. 


DOMESTIC  AND  CULINARY  UTENSILS.  FURNITURE.  ETC..  ETC. 


Blackboards. 

Buffet  and  bureau  tops. 
Butter  and  lard  vessels. 
Baths. 

Clock  and  lamp  bases. 
Cider  tanks,  wine  bins. 
Caskets  and  coffins. 
Counters  and  counter  tops. 
Dairy  shelves. 

Garden  edgings. 

Ice  boxes,  ash  bins. 


Milk  vessels. 

Pastry  boards. 

Pickling  tanks. 

Refrigerators. 

Sinks,  filters,  wash  trays. 

Salting  vessels. 

Scraper  boxes. 

School  slates. 

Shelving  for  conservatories,  libraries, 
wine  cellars,  Ac. 

Table  tops. 


8 


T3E1)  IN  MANUFACTURING  01!  ENGINEERING  WORKS,  AGRICULTURE,  ETC. 


Argillite  for  paint. 

Billiard  table  beds. 

Bleaching  vats  for  paper  makers,  dyers 
and  calico  printers. 

Coach-house  floors. 

Cold  liquor  tanks  and  fermenting  vats, 
for  brewers  and  distillers. 

Condensing  chambers  for  sulphuric  acid 
manufacturers. 

Cooling  backs  for  ditto. 

Corn  bins. 

Culvert  bottoms  and  covers. 

Engine  and  boiler  room  floors. 

Flooring  for  slaughter  houses. 

Gas  house  floors. 

Gate  posts  and  slab  fences. 

Hot  bed  floors. 

Land  drains. 

Mangers,  pig  troughs. 

Melon  and  cucumber-frames. 


Malt  kilns,  and  perforated  floors  for 
Maltsters. 

Mullars  and  color  stones  for  painters. 

Pavings,  for  coal  yards  and  manure  manu- 
facturers. 

Precipitating  and  clarifying  tanks  for 
chemists  and  starch  makers. 

Printers’  Slabs. 

Prison  cell  linings  (very  dry  and  clean;. 

Reservoir  sides  and  land  ties  for  water 
works. 

Sewer  bottoms,  flushing  traps,  and  gully 
boles,  for  city  drainage. 

Smith’s  forge  troughs. 

Slate  dust  for  plastic  roofing. 

Stable  flooring  on  edge.  This  is  a very 
great  improvement,  being  always  dry, 
clean,  handsome  and  durable. 

Troughs  and  vats. 


i.  : 1 < 

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HOOFING  SLATE. 


For  rooting  purposes,  the  great  durability  of  good  Slate,  the  security  which  it 
affords  against  tire,  the  facility  of  shaping  and  finishing  it  into  slabs  or  plates  of 
various  size  and  thickness,  to  suit  different  requirements  and  tastes,  added  to  the 
beauty  arising  from  a pleasing  variety  and  contrast  of  colors,  form  a sufficient  induce- 
ment to  give  this  material  the  preference  over  tin,, which  for  economy  is  the  metal 
ordinarily  used.  And  we  scarcely  need  to  mention  the  many  preparations  offered  at 
low  prices,  composed  in  part,  as  they  all  are,  of  inflammable  or  combustible  sub- 
stances, which  are  generally  laid  upon  a covering  of  paper  or  canvas,  not  having 
even  the  durability  or  economy  of  the  time-honored  and  cheap  shingle,  and  if  iiulci  d 
any  safer,  it  is  quite  certain  that  none  of  them  can  be  considered  reliable  in  ease  of 
fire.  As  to  the  apparently  cheap  covering  of  tin,  although  it  may  require  a some- 
what smaller  outlay  tlnm  slate  in  the  first  instance ; it  is  necessary  to  keep  it  well 
painted,  in  order  to  guard  against  leakage  or  damage  from  the  elements ; this,  in 
addition  to  the  occasional  expense  of  repairs,  constantly  adds  to  the  first  cost. 

Moreover,  the  proverbial  unsightliness  of  appearance  of  painted  tin  as  thus  used 
would  seem  to  have  suggested  a reason  to  architects  and  builders  for  adopting  the 
flat  form  of  roof,  so  as  to  keep  the  covering  partially  out  of  sight.  This  absurd  form 
so  inappropriate  to  our  climate,  is,  as  will  be  generally  observed,  fast  disappearing, 
and  giving  place  to  the  elevated  and  ornate  styles,  some  of  which  arc  termed  “ .1  fau- 
na rd"  or  French  roofs. 

These  improved  roofs,  whilst  they  enclose  nearly  as  much  space  as  the  old  fiat  ones, 
are  well  calculated  to  ward  off  quickly  and  effectually  the  heavy  snows  of  our  severe 
winters  to  shed  rain  freely,  and  to  give  perfect  ventilation  above  all  the  upper  rooms, 
thus  making  them  cool  and  pleasant  in  the  hottest  weather,  as  well  as  warm  in 
winter. 

Besides,  the  various  colors  of  Slate  when  tastefully  arranged  upon  a roof,  produce 
a pleasing  effect,  which  is  rather  heightened  by  contrast  with  the  Marble,  Caen,  Ohio 
and  other  ornamental  stones  used  in  the  construction  of  our  handsome  edifices. 

The  production  of  Slate  for  roofing  purposes  in  this  country  is  as  yet  compara- 
tively in  its  infancy,  only  a few  quarries  having  been  successfully  worked,  except  in 
the  states  of  Vermont,  New  York,  and  Pennsylvania,  although  slate  rock,  as  before, 
stated,  is  known  to  exist  in  great  abundance  in  other  localities.  As  the  community 
become  better  and  more  generally  acquainted  with  Slate,  and  particularly  with  its 


12 


value  as  a roofing  material,  it  is  probable  that  its  use  here  will  soon  become  universal 
as  in  Great  Britain  and  many  countries  on  the  continent  of  Europe, 

The  following  table  exhibits  the  number  of  slates  of  the  various  sizes  named  which 
are  required  to  cover  a square — a surface  of  100  square  feet: 


10  by  10  takes  412.  12  by  20  takes  141. 


8 

12 

“ 

400. 

14 

“ 

20 

(t 

121. 

10 

12 

“ 

320. 

14 

“ 

22 

“ 

108. 

12 

12 

267. 

12 

U 

22 

U 

126. 

10 

U 

18 

“ 

192. 

12 

16 

U 

1 85. 

12 

u 

18 

“ 

160. 

10 

u 

16 

222. 

14 

u 

18 

U 

138. 

8 

a 

16 

a 

277. 

8 

u 

14 

U 

327- 

12 

u 

24 

a 

114. 

10 

u 

14 

u 

262. 

14 

u 

24 

a 

98. 

12 

u 

14 

u 

219. 

16 

u 

24 

u 

86. 

10 

u 

20 

u 

169. 

< 7 i 


SLATE  MANUFACTURES. 


In  addition  to  the  extensive  business  in  Roofing  Slate,  for  which  the  Middle  Gran- 
ville quarries,  in  this  state,  have  been  for  many  years  well  known,  the  Penrhyn  Com- 
pany are  now  extensively  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  many  articles  in  Slate  for 
architectural  uses  and  ornament,  as  well  as  of  furniture — a detailed  list  of  which  is 
given  on  pages  8 and  !>. 

In  recommending  this  material  for  general  preference  and  adoption,  we  believe  that 
only  a brief  explanation  of  some  of  its  properties  is  required  to  convince  all  intelli- 
gent persons  of  its  superiority  over  wood,  marble  or  metal  for  the  various  uses  herein 
enumerated. 

Its  great  strength  and  firmness,  combined  with  lightness,  are  perhaps  the  most 
noticeable.  A slab  of  pure  Slate,  one  inch  thick,  will  bear  as  much  weight,  and  resist 
as  heavy  a blow  upon  its  surface,  as  a piece  of  marble  of  six  inches  in  thickness. 

Slate  being  a nearly  non-absorbent  body  with  respect  to  mositure,  and  having  a 
very  fine  and  close  grain,  we  are  enabled  with  the  use  of  appropriate  machinery  to 
produce  all  the  varieties  of  moulding  and  grooving,  both  straight  and  curved — used  in 
wood  architecture  ; also  to  plane  and  rub  the  slabs  so  as  to  produce  a perfectly  true  and 
smooth  surface.  This  smoothness,  moreover,  is  entirely  free  from  slipperiness  ; for 
this  reason  as  well  as  its  strength  and  non-absorbent  properties  before  mentioned, 
Slate  is  invaluable  for  steps  and  tiling  where  safety,  durability,  and  cleanliness  are 
desirable 

Billiard  Bed*  made  of  Slab  Slate  are  preferred  to  all  others  for  their  firmness 
and  strength;  the  surface  also  being  smooth,  and  finished  to  a perfect  plane — mathe- 
matically true — it  will  never  warp,  or  change  it  s form  in  the  least  degree.  It  is  found 
also  that  Slate  does  not  sweat,  as  is  the  case  with  marble  when  used  for  this  purpose. 

The  machinery  for  rubbing  and  polishing  which  has  been  ingeniously  devised  and 
constructed  with  great  care,  as  well  as  considerable  expense,  expressly  for  our  estab- 
lishment, and  patented,  we  have  now  thoroughly  proved  in  enabling  us  to  make  with 
accuracy  and  dispatch  a perfectly  true  plane  and  even  surface  to  the  entire  bed,  as 
well  as  to  square  and  finish  the  slabs  on  the  edges  with  equal  accuracy.  The 
tedious,  costly  and  unsatisfactory  process  of  hand-rubbing  and  polishing  can  now  be 
entirely  abandoned  by  us. 

Slate  is  a conductor  of  heat,  and  it  will  endure  a high  temperature  without  chip- 
ping or  fracturing,  if  heated  gradually  and  not  too  suddenly  cooled. 

The  Purity  of  Slate. — Scientific  men  have  long  desired  and  sought  for  a material 
as  a substitute  for  lead  in  the  construction  of  cisterns  for  domestic  purposes,  and  tanks 
for  water  and  various  liquid  preparations  used  in  the  arts,  knowing  as  they  do  the 
deleterious  and  often  poisonous  effects  on  the  health  of  the  community  arising 

13 


14 

from  (he  unguarded  use  of  this  metal.  We  feel  confident  from  the  already  ascertain- 
ed results,  and  the  success  met  with  in  the  introduction  of  Slate  for  these  purposes, 
that  this  desideratum  has  at  last  been  reached.  In  the  construction  of  cisterns,  wash 
tulis.  baths  and  tanks  at  our  establishment — some  of  which  are  of  large  dimensions— 
-labs  of  proper  thickness  arc  carefully  selected  in  the  ipiaiTio-.  for  their  solidity  and 
freedom  from  all  impurities:  these  after  being  planed,  grooved  and  nicely  jointed 
b\  machinery,  are  so  firmly  looked  or  bolted  together  that  they  will  sustain  without 
\ ielding  or  leaking  a very  great  pressure,  whilst  the  structures,  by  simply  unscrewing 
the  nuts,  are  susceptible  of  being  taken  down  and  removed  in  their  separate  parts 
at  pleasure. 


ENAMELED  SLATE 


Wlmt  has  tints  far  been  stated  by  us  applies  generally  to  the  many  uses  of  Slate  in 
the  plain  state — smooth  but  without  polish — and  of  the  natural  colors,  just  its  it  conies 
front  the  quarries.  We  will  now,  however,  briefly  allude  to  an  art  process,  originated 
in  England  some  thirty  years  since,  and  carried  to  a high  degree  of  excellence  there, 
but  which  has  since  been  successfully  introduced  into  this  country,  and  become  per- 
manently incorporated  here  with  the  Slate  manufacture.  Front  its  bearing  upon  tin' 
wants  and  comforts  of  our  everyday  life,  as  well  as  its  capability,  at  moderate  cost, 
of  ministering  to  the  beautiful  in  an  eminent  degree,  we  think  even  to  an  indifferent 
reader  the  subject  will  be  found  to  possess  some  interest. 

The  objects  in  view  are  to  produce  a hard,  durable  and  glossy  enamel  upon  the 
surface  of  the  slate  stone,  which  will  stand  the  tests  of  heat  and  moisture  to  which  it 
would  be  subjected  in  ordinary  wear  : be  also  proof  against  injury  from  oil.  grease 
or  acids,  and  present  to  the  eye  a variety  and  beauty  of  coloring. 

The  article,  after  being  flowed  with  the  enameling  composition,  i>  subjected  for  a 
long  time  to  a suitable  temperature  in  the  kiln,  until  the  whole  substance — slat <■  and 
enamel — becomes  perfectly  indurated;  after  which  the  surface  is  rubbed  down  even, 
and  higlUv  polished. 

Slate  Burial  Caskets. — Undertakers  and  the  public  arc  invited  to  examine  speci- 
mens, at  the  warerooms,  of  our  patent  Slate  Caskets,  which  we  now  offer  at  prices, 
varying  with  the  style  and  finish,  from  a plain  and  neat  article  to  a beautifully 
decorated  one,  excelling  in  durability  and  richness  every  other  material  hitherto  used 
for  cemetery  purposes.  The  substance,  it  will  be  borne  in  mind,  is  stone,  and  unlike 
wood  or  metal— which  are  subject  either  to  rot  or  oxydation — is  not  susceptible  of 
change.  In  a material  sense,  therefore,  it  may  with  truth  be  considered  imperishable; 
a tit  substance  wherein  to  inclose  the  remains  of  relatives  or  friends  with  perfect 
security,  and  at  the  same  time  admit  of  being  disinterred  even  after  the  lapse  of  hun- 
dreds of  years.  These  caskets  as  well  as  mantels  and  other  Blate  articles  of  our 
manufacture,  have  been  exhibited  from  time  to  time  at  the  fairs  of  the  American 
Institute,  and  as  early  as  the  year  1859  they  awarded  us  their  first  premiums. 


15 


. 


ENAMELED  SLATE  MANTELS 

In  great  variety  of  design  and  execution,  from  a neat  and  low-priced  article,  suit- 
able for  cottages  or  houses  of  moderate  cost,  either  in  the  country  or  city,  to  the 
handsomer  and  more  expensive  styles  fitted  for  the  stately  dwelling,  at  prices 
I ranging  from  $10  to  $100,  and  higher  for  such  as  have  either  elaborate  mouldings, 
carvings,  or  decoration : varying  of  course,  with  the  amount  and  expensiveness  of 
the  work  put  upon  th  'in.  hut  in  some  cases  not  exceeding  the  cost  of  the  raw  material 
, of  the  best  marbles. 

In  th  • process  of  enameling,  the  various  metallic  oxides  are  used  which  combine 
j with  and  give  a hard  and  highly-polished  surface  to  the  slate  stone,  thus  enabling  us 
to  produce  perfect  imitations  of  the  Egyptian,  Brocatellc,  Verde- Antique,  Spanish. 
Black  and  Gold,  Red  and  Green  Pyrenees,  Scotch  Granite,  Porphyry,  Jasper,  Sienna, 

I and  other  varieties  of  marble  or  ornamental  stone.  Besides,  our  work  Is  finished  to 
' suit  various  tastes,  either  in  plain  colors  or  with  rich  decorations,  from  designs,  and 
under  the  direction  of  experienced  artists. 

It  is  remarked  by  many  persons  of  taste  who  have  used  or  examined  these  Mantels, 
that  they  are  far  more  beautiful  than  all  other  kinds  in  use,  especially  where  the  walls 
are  white  or  decorated  with  light  colors — with  the  single  exception  perhaps  of  highly 
| wrought  statuary  marble ; and  this  description  is  too  costly  for  general  adoption,  how- 
ever much  it  may  be  made  to  adorn  a mansion:  even  there  it  should  only  be  placed 
I in  rooms  where  an  open  grate  fire  is  seldom,  if  ever,  used — otherwise  it  will  soon 
become  stained,  and  lose  all  its  purity  and  freshness  of  appearance. 

From  the  beauty  and  variety  of  the  coloring  presented  to  the  eye,  our  Mantels  serve 
a double  purpose,  and  really  form  one  of  the  handsomest  pieces  of  furniture  either  in 
the  library,  dining,  or  drawing  room. 

A most  important  consideration  in  favor  of  Enameled  Slate  is  the  fact  that  it  is  not 
injured  by  changes  of  temperature  or  atmosphere  in  any  climate,  and  both  slate  and 
enamel  become  harder  with  time  and  ordinary  use,  and  therefore  Slate  is  more  dura- 
ble than  Marble  ; moreover  it  cannot  be  damaged  by  smoke,  coal  gas,  oils,  or  other 
substances  which,  it  is  well  known,  will  easily  stain  and  deface  marble. 

The  brittleness,  rottenness,  and  imperfections  incident  to  much  of  the  marble  in 
common  use,  including  often  the  rare  and  valuable  varieties,  are  fully'  known  only  to 
those  who  work  them;  but  the  high  cost  when  they  are  wrought  is  known  to  all. 
Therefore,  in  order  to  make  a finished  piece  of  work,  or  an  even  and  smooth  surface, 
it  is  often  necessary  to  use  artificial  substances  for  “stopping"  or  filling  up  the  chinks, 
holes  or  other  faults  in  the  stone. 

The  practice  has  consequently  obtained,  with  some  manufacturers,  of  coloring 
such  unsound  slabs  as  well  as  much  of  the  rejected  stock  of  the  more,  common  and 

17 


18 


cheap  sorts,  and  tlicir  wares  are  put  upon  the  market  sometimes  at  low  prices,  under 
the  various  names  of  colored,  marbleized  or  decorated  marble.  But,  however  showy 
or  attractive  at  first,  they  certainly  will  bear  no  comparison  with  Enameled  Slate  in 
durabilty  or  real  value,  inasmuch  as  marble  when  subjected  to  the  high  degrees  of 
heat  required  in  a true  enameling  process,  loses  its  cohesive  property  aud  soon  be- 
comes worthless. 

We  invite  inspection  of  the  Mantels  and  other  Slate  work  of  our  manufacture,  on 
exhibition  at  our  salesrooms,  feeling  confident  that  we  shall  elicit  the  commendation 
of  all  intelligent  visitors,  and  that  they  will  be  convinced  of  the  relative  advantage 
of  Slate  as  thus  prepared,  and  of  its  adaptability  for  various  architectural  uses  and  dec- 
orations on  account  of  strength,  lightness  and  durabilty,  combined  with  great  beauty; 
to  which  we  may  add,  as  not  the  least  important — a decided  economy  of  outlay. 

For  out-of-town  purchasers  the  Mantels  will  be  fastened  together,  when  boxed,  and 
printed  directions  sent  with  them,  so  that  they  may  be  set  properly  by  any  person  of 
ordinary  mechanical  ability. 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


WA UKU OUSE  AN1)  SALESROOMS  : 

No.  40  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  5th  and  6th  Aves.,  New  York. 


W idth'ot  Opening  ...  2 ft.  5 in.  Width  of  Mantel ....  6 ft.  4 in. 
Height  “ ...  .2  ft.  9 in.  Height  “ ...  .4  ft.  2^  in. 


Or  any  dimensions  as  ordered. 


W idtli  of  Opening.  . . 2 ft.  6 in.  W idtli  of  Mantel 6 ft.  0 in. 

Height  “ ...  2 ft.  7 in.  Height-  “ 4 l't.  1 in. 


Or  any  dimensions  as  ordered. 

19 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


QIARRIBS  AND  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 


Width  of  Openins 
Ileiirlit.  “ 


.2  ft.  (i  in.  Width  of  Mantel 0 ft.  0 in. 

.2  ft.  8 in.  Height  “ 4 ft.  1 in. 


Or  any  dimensions  as  ordered. 


Width  of  Opening  . . .2  ft.  -4  in.  Width  of  Mantel. 6 ft.  0 in. 

Height  “ . ...  2 ft.  Sin.  Height  “ 4 ft.  1 in. 

Or  any  dimensions  as  ordered. 

•20 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


WAREHOUSE  AND  SALESROOMS 

No.  40  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  oth  and  6th  Aves.,  New  York. 


Width  of  Opening ....  2 ft.  4 in.  Width  of  Mantel .......  G ft.  0 in. 

Height  “ ...  2 ft.  8 in.  Height  “ 4 ft.  1 in. 

Or  any  dimensions  as  ordered. 


Width  of  Opening. . . .2  ft.  8 in.  Width  pf  Mantel 6 ft.  0 in. 

Height  “ ...,2  ft.  9 in.  Height  “ 4 ft.  1 in 

Or  any  dimensions  as  ordered. 

21 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


QUARRIES  AND  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 


Width  of  Opening  ...  2 ft.  6 in.  Width  of  Mantel 6 ft.  0 in. 

Height  “ ....  2 ft.  8 in.  Height  “ 4 ft.  0 in. 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


WAREHOUSE  ANJ)  SALESROOMS 

No.  40  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  5th  and  6th  Aves.,  New  York. 


Y idtli  of  Opening.  . . .2  ft.  5 in.  I Width  of  Mantel,  5 ft.  4 to  5 ft.  10  in. 
Height  “ 2ft.  Sin.  | Height  “ 3ft.  11  in. 


Width  of  Opening.  ...  2 ft.  5 in.  I Width  of  Mantel,  5 ft.  to  5 ft.  f>  in. 
Height  “ ...,2  ft.  Sin.  | Height  “ 3 ft,  10  in. 


23 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


(iUAKKIES  AND  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 


Width  of  Opening.  . . .2  ft.  5 in.  | Width  of  Mantel,  5 ft.  to  5 ft.  G in. 
Height  “ 2 ft.  Sin.  | Height  “ 3 ft.  9 in. 


THE  PKNRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


WAREHOUSE  AND  SALESROOMS 

No.  40  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  5th  and  6th  Aves.,  New  York. 


Width  of  Opening ....  2 ft.  1 in.  Width  of  Mantel,  4 ft  6 to  5 ft.  0 in. 

Height  “ ....2  ft.  7 in.  Height  “ 3 ft.  9 in. 

25 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


QUARRIES  ANI)  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 


Width  of  Opening. 
Height  “ 


...2  ft.  1 in.  I Width  of  Mantel,  4 ft.  to  4 ft,  8 in. 

...2ft.  7 in.  I Height  “ 3 ft.  8 in. 

26 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


WA11EHOU8E  AND  SALESROOMS 

i 

No.  40  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  5th  and  Gth  Aves.,  New  York. 


Width  of  Opening.  ...  2 ft.  2 in.  | Width  of  Mantel,  4 ft.  Gto  5 ft.  0 in. 
Height  “ ....  2 ft.  7 in.  | Height  “ 3 ft.  8 in. 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


QUARRIES  AND  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 


Width  of  Opening.  ...  2 ft.  10  in.  I Width  of  Mantel,  o ft.  to  5 ft.  10  in. 
Height  “ ....2ft.  Sin.  | Height  “ 3ft.  11  in. 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


\V A RKIIODSK  AND  SA1.KSROOMS 

No.  40  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  5th  and  6th  Aves.,  New  York. 


Width  of  Opening 2 ft.  1 in.  ! Width  of  Mantel,  4ft.  2 to 4 ft.  Sin 

Height  “ 2 ft.  fi  in.  | Height  “ 5 ft.  Tin. 

29 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


QUARRIES  AN1)  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 


Width  of  Opening  ..2  ft.  din.  I Width  of  Mantel,  4ft.  8 to  5 ft.  0 in. 
Height  “ ...2ft.  Sin.  | Height  “ 3 ft.  Din. 

30 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


WAREHOUSE  AND  SALESROOMS 

No.  10  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  5th  and  6th  Aves.,  New  York. 


Width  of  Opening.  ...2ft.  1 in.  I Width  of  Mantel,  4 ft.  to  4 it.  (i  m. 
Height  “ ...,2  ft.  6 in.  | Height  “ 3 ft.  5 in. 


Width  of  Opening  ...  2 ft.  I in.  I Width  of  Mantel 4 ft.^O  in. 

Height  “ 2 ft.  6 in.  | Height  “ 3 ftA4  in. 

31 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


Width 

Height 


Width 
I leiglit 


QUARRIES  AND  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 


of  Opening.  ...2ft.  -t  in.  i Width  of  Mantel,  4 ft.  10to5ft.  4 in. 
“ ...  2 ft.  7 in.  Height  “ 3 ft.  9 in. 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


■WAREHOUSE  AND  SALESROOMS 

No.  40  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  5th  and  6th  Aves.,  New  York. 


Width  of  (Opening.  2 It  Gin.  I Width  Of  Mantel (id.  2 in 

Hei  ■ . . . 2 ft.  f)  in.  | Height  1 it.  I },  in. 

Or  ait  '/  rUnmi.'ioits  as  trdered. 


Width  of  Opening  2 I'l.  6 in.  I Width  of  Mantel 5 ft.  11  in. 

llci'jhl  " 2 It  S in.  | Height  “ 4 ft.  I j in. 

( h mill  fh mciisioiis  it  nfih  i i'i! 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 

QUARRIES  ANI)  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 


Width  of  Opening. ..  .'2  ft.  6 in.  j Width  of  Mantel  . ...5  ft.  Din. 

Height  “ 2 ft.  9 in.  I Height  “ 4 ft.  10^  in. 

Or  any  dimensions  as  ordered. 


Width  of  Opening 2 It.  5 in.  I Width  of  Mantel 

Height  “ ....2  ft.  9 in.  | Height  “ 

Or  any  dimensions  as  ordered. 

34 


G ft.  G iii. 
•f  it.  2£  in 


THE  PENKIIYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


WAREHOUSE  AND  SALESROOMS: 

No.  40  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  5th  and  6th  Aves.,  New  York. 


Width  "'of  ,Opening  . . .2  ft.  6 in.  | Width  of  Mantel 5 ft.  10  in. 

Height  “ ....2ft.  8in.  | Height  “ 4ft.  1 in. 

Or  any  dimensions  as  ordered. 


PEDESTALS. 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


QUARRIES  AND  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 


TABLE  TOPS. 

Made  to  order,  either  round,  oval  or  serpentine,  and  finished 
PLAIN  OR  ORNAMENTAL,  AS  DESIRED. 


3<> 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY 


WAREHOUSE  AND  SALESROOMS  : 

No.  40  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  5th  and  Gtli  Avcs.,  New  York. 


STEPS  AND  RISERS,  BALCONY  LANDINCS,  &c., 


.1 


o / 


No.  2. 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


QUARRIES  AND  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 


WINDOW  CAPS. 

Can  be  made  fok  openings  of  any  given  length. 


38 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


WAREHOUSE  AND  SALESROOMS 

No.  40  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  5th  and  6tli  Aves.,  New  York. 


PATENT  RIDCES. 


CANTILEVERS. 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


QUARRIES  AND  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 


CISTERNS  AND  TANKS. 

In  ordering  Cisterns,  it  is  necessary  to  specify  whether  the 
Dimensions  given  are  Outside  or  in  the  Clear. 


Common  Form. 


40 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


WAREHOUSE  AND  SAI.KSKOOMS 

No.  -U)  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  oth  and  6th  Aves.,  New  York. 


CISTERNS  AND  TANKS-' 


PORTABLE  FILTERS. 


11 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 

QUARRIES  AND  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 

PORTABLE  FILTERS  — Continued. 


42 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY 


WAKKIIOUSK  AND  SAI.KSKOOMS 

No.  40  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  5th  and  6th  Aves.,  New  Y ork. 


SINKS. 


SALTING  VESSEL. 


43 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY 


QUARRIES  AXI)  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 


44 


Perspective  View. 


URINALS  — ( onti 


THE  PENRIIYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


WAREHOUSE  AN1)  SALESROOMS 

No.  10  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  5th  and  Glli  Aves.,  New  York. 


ir> 


Section 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 

QUARRIES  AN1>  MANUFACTORY 

Middle  Granville,  Wasliington  Co.,  New  York. 


MANGERS. 


ORDINARY  FORM  WITHOUT  CAPPING 


TIIE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


WAKEIIODSE  AND  SALESROOMS 

No.  40  West  Eighteenth  St.,  between  5th  and  Oth  Aves.,  New  York. 


MURAL  TABLETS. 

Enameled  Slate  is  peculiarly  adapted  to  Altars  and  Mural  Tablets.  It  is  stronger 
and  far  more  durable  than  marble,  excels  it  in  smoothness  and  polish  ; and,  though 
superior  in  every  respect,  is  little  more  than  one-third  of  its  price. 


No.  1. 


47 


THE  PENRHYN  SLATE  COMPANY. 


QUARRIES  AN1)  MANUFACTORY 

ZMi«l<lle  Granville,  Washington  Co.,  New  York. 


MURAL  TABLETS  ( 'on ‘in  III  </ 


No.  *>. 


18 


C 

L 


Av«r  lierary 


1 


con. 


o 


&iTllAVE. 


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